Year 10 Electronics

Project 1 - Light

For this project you will need:
1x Light Bulb
2x Wires (any colour)
​1x 1K resistor
1x Bread Board
1x Arduino
1x USB Cable

Task: Make the light turn on

Look at this diagram and try to complete the circuit.
Hint: It should look like the picture below when done

Project 2 - Blinking Light

Setting up your Arduino

UFollow these steps to setup your arduino

1.) Plug your arduino into your computer
2.) Open the arduino app on your desktop
3.) change the port number to anything but port 1
4.) Change the arduino to either:
a.) arduino Uno
or
​b.) Wavgat Uno R3 (if it says Wavgat on your board)

Testing your Arduino

Picture
1.) Click File --> Examples --> 01.Basics --> Blink
​2.) Click Upload

If it is successful then a light on your ardunio should start blinking

Programming your light to blink

1.) Configure your board as per this diagram:
Digital PWN is a number on the side from 0-12, pick one :-)

2.) Wherever the code says LED_BUILTIN change it to the number you have plugged the wires into.
<----------------------

Adjust the Delay to see what happens :-)
​(do this 3 different times)

Project 2 - The traffic Light

Setting up your Traffic Lights

You will need:
7 Wires (2 Red, Yellow, Green preferably)
3 Bulbs (Red, Yellow, Green)
Arduino
USB Cable
Bread Board

Follow the diagram on the right to plug it in, or look at the picture above.

Hint: you can plug one slot into GND and they all become ground

Programming

Open the Blink program from the last activity.

Copy the entries for the number of lights you are using in both Void setup and Void loop

Hint: Keep everything inside the { }

Using Constants

At very the top of your code write:
const int green = 5;
const int yellow = 6;
const int red = 7;

​You can now use the word green instead of the number 5, it is easier to remember ports this way.

Project 3 - Continuous Servo Motor

Setting up the Servo

You will Need:
1x Continuous Servo Motor
3x Wires
1x Arduino

1.) Gather the above components
2.) Plug the motor in as per the diagram on your right 
Hint; Red +, goes to power, try to figure out the others.

Program the Motor

Copy the code from the picture on your Right

Keep in mind it is case sensitive, so you will need to capitalize a letter.


Main Task: Rotate 3 times forwards then 3 times backwards then stop for 2 seconds

Modifying the delays and digital writes, get the motor to:
- Rotate 3 times forwards
- Rotate 3 times backwards
- Stop for 2 seconds

Hint: As per the picture on the right - 180 is full speed forward, 90 is stop, 0 is full speed reverse.

Project 4 - Ultra Sonic Sensor

Setup Arduino

You will need:

1x Ultra Sonic Sensor
4x Wires
1x Bread Board

Using the diagram on the right and the picture above plug in the ultra sonic sensor.

Keep a note of which numbers you plug the Trig and Echo into.

Trig = Output
​Echo = Input

Programming the UltraSonic Sensor

Copy and paste in the code on the right

Change the numbers of output and input to match the ports you used.

Testing the Sensor

Picture
Click the "Serial Monitor Button" on the top right

​If working it should change the measurement as per the picture on the right
const int trig = 5
const int echo = 6
long duration;
int distance;


void setup() {
 pinMode(trig, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(echo, INPUT);
 Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
  digitalWrite(trig, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
 
  digitalWrite(trig, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trig, LOW);
  duration = pulseIn(echo, HIGH);
  distance = duration*0.034/2;
  Serial.print("Distance: ");
  Serial.println(distance);
}

Main Task: Lights and Sensors

Now the Additional Tasks
​1. Plug a bulb in and make it so it lights  up if the sensor is under 10cm
2.Plug another bulb in and make it so it lights  up if the sensor is under 30cm

​Hint: Both bulbs should light up if under 10cm
if ( distance < 10){
    
  } else {
   
  }

Project 5 - The Light Switch

Setting up your Arduino

You will need the following:

1x Arduino
1x Breadboard
1x Button
1x LED (your Choice)
2x Resistors(1k Resistor and the other to match the LED)
Wires (at least 5)

​

Setting up the button

Use the picture Diagram on the right to set it up...

However try to only use one bread board.

Consider the switch diagram up the top to understand how buttons work.

​

Programming the Button

Copy this code:

const int BUTTON = 2;
int BUTTONstate = 0;

void setup () 
{
  pinMode(BUTTON, INPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
  BUTTONstate = digitalRead(BUTTON);
  if (BUTTONstate == HIGH)
  {
     Serial.println("on");
  } else {
     Serial.println("off");
  }
}

First Task: Programming the Light

Make it so that the light turns on when the button is pushed down.

​

Second Task: Make the Light turn on and of by simply touching it

You need to modify your code so that you can simply press your button once and it will turn on, and then press it again and it will turn off.

Look at the code on the right for an example of the modified code.

Tips:

1.) You will need to figure out where to put the code.
2.) You will need to remove the else from the previous coding

​Testing the button

Click the serial monitor button below:

See what happens when you press the button

Extra for Experts Task

For those super experts out there

If you hold down the light switch it turns off and on

Try to make it so the light only changes once you release the button